Goswami's new-ball partner Shikha Pandey has gained 12 spots to reach fifth position after also finishing with eight wickets against England.
Chasing 161, India women crumbled in their chase to finish on 119 for 6 to hand England women a 41-run win.
Tammy Beaumont struck her fourth half-century to guide England women to 160 for 4 against India in the first T20I.
Mandhana became the number one ODI batter in the ICC Women's Rankings last month following her exemplary run of form.
India have been doing well in the 50-over format but they have plenty to ponder about in the shortest format of the game.
Brunt took four wickets in a crippling spell that saw India go from 129/2 to 150/7.
The series already in the bag, a confident India will look to complete a whitewash when they take on a beleaguered England.
Smirit Mandhana will lead India women in the three-match T2oI series against England women in the absence of regular skipper Harmanpreet Kaur, who not yet fully recovered from her ankle injury.
The matches are expected to have a 7pm start to grab maximum eyeballs.
Mandhana shepherded a modest chase with a composed half-century after Pandey and Goswami had skittled England women for 161.